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Identification of Neutrophil-Related Factor LCN2 for Predicting Severity of Patients With Influenza A Virus and SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Huang, ZS; Li, H; Liu, S; Jia, J; Zheng, Y; Cao, B
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY 2022年 13卷
无关键词信息
BackgroundInfluenza and COVID-19 are respiratory infectious diseases that are characterized by high contagiousness and high mutation and pose a serious threat to global health. After Influenza A virus (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe cases may develop into acute lung injury. Immune factors act as an important role during infection and inflammation. However, the molecular immune mechanisms still remain unclear. We aimed to explore immune-related host factors and core biomarker for severe infection, to provide a new therapeutic target of host factor in patients. MethodsGene expression profiles were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus and the Seurat R package was used for data process of single-cell transcriptome. Differentially expressed gene analysis and cell cluster were used to explore core host genes and source cells of genes. We performed Gene Ontology enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis to explore potential biological functions of genes. Gene set variation analysis was used to evaluate the important gene set variation score for different samples. We conduct Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to test plasma concentrations of Lipocalin 2 (LCN2). ResultsMultiple virus-related, cytokine-related, and chemokine-related pathways involved in process of IAV infection and inflammatory response mainly derive from macrophages and neutrophils. LCN2 mainly in neutrophils was significantly upregulated after either IAV or SARS-CoV-2 infection and positively correlated with disease severity. The plasma LCN2 of influenza patients were elevated significantly compared with healthy controls by ELISA and positively correlated with disease severity of influenza patients. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that LCN2 involved in functions of neutrophils, including neutrophil degranulation, neutrophil activation involved in immune response, and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. ConclusionThe neutrophil-related LCN2 could be a promising biomarker for predicting severity of patients with IAV and SARS-CoV-2 infection and may as a new treatment target in severe patients.
Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus causes abortive infection of primary human T cells
Yu, JP; Li, H; Jia, J; Huang, ZS; Liu, S; Zheng, Y; Mu, SR; Deng, XY; Zou, XH; Wang, YM; Shang, X; Cui, D; Huang, LX; Feng, XX; Liu, WJ; Cao, B
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS 2022年 11卷1期 页码:1191-
无关键词信息
Influenza A virus still represents a noticeable epidemic risk to international public health at present, despite the extensive use of vaccines and anti-viral drugs. In the fight against pathogens, the immune defence lines consisting of diverse lymphocytes are indispensable for humans. However, the role of virus infection of lymphocytes and subsequent abnormal immune cell death remains to be explored. Different T cell subpopulations have distinct characterizations and functions, and we reveal the high heterogeneity of susceptibility to viral infection and biological responses such as apoptosis in various CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T cell subsets through single-cell transcriptome analyses. Effector memory CD8(+) T cells (CD8(+) T-EM) that mediate protective memory are identified as the most susceptible subset to pandemic influenza A virus infection among primary human T cells. Non-productive infection is established in CD8(+) T-EM and naive CD8(+) T cells, which indicate the mechanism of intracellular antiviral activities for inhibition of virus replication such as abnormal viral splicing efficiency, incomplete life cycles and up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes in human T cells. These findings provide insights into understanding lymphopenia and the infectious mechanisms of pandemic influenza A virus and broad immune host-pathogen interactional atlas in primary human T cells.
Understanding the experiences of older caregivers of patients with lung cancer during palliative chemotherapy in China: a qualitative study
Xue, M; Chen, XY; Zhao, HY; Zhao, YM; Li, J; Chen, WJ
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER 2022年 页码:-null
无关键词信息
Purpose Although there has been an increase in research on caregivers of patients with cancer, there has been little focus on the specific experiences of older caregivers of patients with lung cancer and the effect of their cultural backgrounds on their experiences. This study explored the caregiver experience among the ageing population in China. Methods Older caregivers of patients with lung cancer undergoing palliative chemotherapy were recruited. Data were collected using a qualitative descriptive design involving semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed qualitatively using inductive content analysis. Results Eighteen caregivers aged 61-81 years completed the interviews. The following four themes were identified: physical difficulty, living with ambivalence, perception of role and role-related behaviour changes. These themes enabled a greater understanding of role-related behaviours in older caregivers and their challenges in addressing biological and psychosocial challenges related to older age. Conclusion The present study highlighted the vulnerability and perceived challenges of the role of older caregivers. These findings help lay the foundation for interventions to improve the care provided to caregivers and their health outcomes, especially caregivers with chronic conditions.
Cycling and activated CD8(+) T lymphocytes and their association with disease severity in influenza patients
Liu, S; Huang, ZS; Fan, RY; Jia, J; Deng, XY; Zou, XH; Li, H; Cao, B
BMC IMMUNOLOGY 2022年 23卷1期 页码:-null
无关键词信息
Background T cell lymphopenia was a significant characteristic of severe influenza infection and it was associated with the functional changes of T cells. It is necessary to clarify the T cells characteristics of kinetic changes and their correlation with disease severity. Methods In a cohort of hospitalized influenza patients with varying degrees of severity, we characterized lymphocyte populations using flow cytometry. Results The numbers of cycling (Ki67(+)) T cells at the acute phase of severe influenza were higher, especially in the memory (CD45RO(+)) T cell subsets. T cells from hospitalized influenza patients also had significantly higher levels of the exhausted marker PD-1. Cycling status of T cells was associated with T cell activation during the acute phase of influenza infection. The recruitment of cycling and activated (CD38(+)HLA-DR+) CD8(+) T cells subset is delayed in severe influenza patients. Conclusions The increased numbers of cycling memory (Ki67(+)CD45RO(+)) T cells subsets and delayed kinetics of activated (CD38(+)HLA-DR+) CD8(+) T cells, could serve as possible biological markers for disease severity.
Detection and Classification of Bronchiectasis Based on Improved Mask-RCNN
Yue, N; Zhang, JW; Zhao, J; Zhang, QY; Lin, XS; Yang, JJ
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL 2022年 9卷8期 页码:-null
无关键词信息
Bronchiectasis is defined as a permanent dilation of the bronchi that can cause pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. CT examination is an important means of diagnosing bronchiectasis. It can also be used in severity scoring. Current studies on bronchiectasis have focused on high-resolution CT (HRCT), ignoring the more common low-dose CT (LDCT). Methodologically, existing studies have not adopted an authoritative standard to classify the severity of bronchiectasis. In effect, the accuracy of detection and classification needs to be improved for practical application. In this paper, the ACER image enhancement method, RDU-Net lung lobe segmentation method and HDC Mask R-CNN model were proposed to detect and classify bronchiectasis. Moreover, a Python-based system was developed: after inputing an LDCT image of a patient's lung, it can automatically perform a series of processing, then call on the trained deep learning model for detection and classification, and automatically obtain the patient's bronchiectasis final score according to the Reiff and BRICS scoring criteria. In this paper, the mapping relationship between original lung CT image data and bronchiectasis scoring system was established. The accuracy of the method proposed in this paper was 91.4%; the IOU, sensitivity and specificity were 88.8%, 88.6% and 85.4%, respectively; and the recognition speed of one picture was about 1 s. Compared to a human doctor, the system can process large amounts of data simultaneously, quickly and efficiently, with the same judgment accuracy as a human doctor. Doctors only need to judge the uncertain cases, which significantly reduces the burden of doctors and provides a useful reference for doctors to diagnose the disease.
胸膜恶性病变内科胸腔镜下结节表现与胸水生化及肿瘤标志物水平关系的研究
吕航;万云焱;姚周虹;宋晓佳;林鑫山;林殿杰;
中国呼吸与危重监护杂志 2022年 21卷10期 页码:720-724 影响因子:2.031
癌症患者癌因性疲乏运动管理的最佳证据总结
薛敏[1];赵海燕[2];刘颖梅[1];刁东莹[1];李腾[1];郝菲菲[1];陈伟娟[1]
中华现代护理杂志 2023年 29卷8期 页码:981-989 影响因子:0.893
肿瘤;癌因性疲乏;运动管理;证据总结;循证护理
目的评价并整合癌症患者癌因性疲乏运动管理的最佳证据。方法采用PIPOST模式明确循证问题,确定检索策略以及纳入和排除标准。根据"6S"证据模型,检索UpToDate、BMJ Best Practice、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯循证卫生保健中心数据库、Cochrane Library、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所指南库、美国国立综合癌症网络、国际指南协作网、加拿大医学会临床实践指南信息库、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、中国知网、万方、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库及专业协会平台关于癌症患者癌因性疲乏运动管理的临床决策、最佳临床实践、指南、系统评价及专家共识等。检索时限为建库至2022年1月31日。由3名研究者对文献进行质量评价以及证据的整理、评价、整合。结果共纳入20篇文献,其中临床决策1篇、指南4篇、证据总结2篇、系统评价10篇、专家共识3篇。从运动安全性和有效性、运动时机、运动评估、运动原则、运动方式、运动强度和持续时间、运动依从性、运动风险管理8个方面汇总了25条最佳证据。结论总结了有关癌症患者癌因性疲乏运动管理的最佳证据,为临床规范开展运动干预提供了循证证据支持和参考意见,建议医护人员在证据转化过程中根据临床具体情境和患者个体差异选择最佳证据,制订个性化的运动管理方案,以降低患者癌因性疲乏的水平。
Application of circulating genetically abnormal cells in the diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer
Qiu, XC; Zhang, HR; Zhao, YH; Zhao, J; Wan, YY; Li, DZ; Yao, ZH; Lin, DAJ
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2021年
LIQUID BIOPSIES; CLASSIFICATION; IMPACT
Purpose Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The early detection of lung cancer is crucial for the diagnosis of this disease. Therefore, an effective and noninvasive method for the early diagnosis of lung cancer is urgently needed. Methods To evaluate the diagnostic performance of circulating genetically abnormal cells (CACs) in early lung cancer, a total of 63 participants who completed CAC detection by Zhuhai SanMed Biotech Inc. and obtained pathological results from January to December 2020 were included in our study; 50 patients had lung cancer and 13 patients had benign lung disease. The levels of lung cancer-related markers in peripheral blood and the chest computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of these patients were collected before pathological acquisition. Results The positive rate of CAC was 90.0% in the lung cancer group and 23.1% in the benign lung disease group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of CAC was 0.837, the sensitivity was 90%, and the specificity was 76.9%. The area under the ROC curve and sensitivity were both higher than those of the combined or single serum tumor marker test. Conclusions This study preliminarily concludes that the CAC test, as a noninvasive test, has high sensitivity and specificity for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. This test is expected to help with the early detection of disease in lung cancer patients.
Effect of empirical antifungal treatment on mortality in non-neutropenic critically ill patients: a propensity-matched retrospective cohort study
Tang, Y; Hu, WJ; Jiang, SY; Xie, MY; Zhu, WY; Zhang, L; Sha, J; Wang, TF; Ding, M; Zeng, J; Jiang, JJ
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022年 页码:-null
无关键词信息
To evaluate the effect of empirical antifungal treatment (EAFT) on mortality in critically ill patients without invasive fungal infections (IFIs). This was a single-center propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study involving non-transplanted, non-neutropenic critically ill patients with risk factors for invasive candidiasis (IC) in the absence of IFIs. We compared all-cause hospital mortality and infection-attributable hospital mortality in patients who was given EAFT for suspected IC as the cohort group and those without any systemic antifungal agents as the control group. Among 640 eligible patients, 177 patients given EAFT and 177 control patients were included in the analyses. As compared with controls, EAFT was not associated with the lower risks of all-cause hospital mortality [odds ratio (OR), 0.911; 95% CI, 0.541-1.531; P = 0.724] or infection-attributable hospital mortality (OR, 1.149; 95% CI, 0.632-2.092; P = 0.648). EAFT showed no benefit of improvement of infection at discharge, duration of mechanical ventilation, and antibiotic-free days. However, the later initiation of EAFT was associated with higher risks of all-cause hospital mortality (OR, 1.039; 95% CI, 1.003 to 1.076; P = 0.034) and infection-attributable hospital mortality (OR, 1.046; 95% CI, 1.009 to 1.085; P = 0.015) in patients with suspected IC. This effect was also found in infection-attributable hospital mortality (OR, 1.042; 95% CI, 1.005 to 1.081; P = 0.027) in septic patients with suspected IC. EAFT failed to decrease hospital mortality in non-neutropenic critically ill patients without IFIs. The timing may be critical for EAFT to improve mortality in these patients with suspected IC. ChiCTR2000038811, registered on Oct 3, 2020.
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